Statute and State Law Relationship Essay Example

Statute and State Law Relationship Essay Example Statute and State Law Relationship Essay Statute and State Law Relationship Essay In this case the employer fired a woman warehouse employee who was a heavy equipment operator. She had been rebuked in the past for disciplinary problems and had even been suspended. After she had a physical fight with an employee she was terminated. After termination she filed a suit under Title VII alleging that she was sexually discriminated against and was sexually harassed. The trial court did not allow the sexual harassment claim to proceed but the sexual discrimination claim was allowed to proceed to trial. At the trial, she presented circumstantial evidence showing that she was stalked by her superior, disciplined more severely than males, her disciplinary reports were stacked, she was discriminated against with respect to overtime assignments and supervisors used sex-based slurs against her.This was a mixed motive case in which both poor job performance and sex discrimination reasons had led to her dismissal.The regulation interpreted in this case was that prior to this judg ment in discrimination cases pretext theory cases were allowed to proceed without direct evidence. In pretext theory cases circumstantial evidence was allowed, but in mixed motive theory direct evidence was required. That is the employee had to show by direct evidence that sexual discrimination was the main motivating factor in her dismissal.However, in the Desert Palace case the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously held that an employee alleging a mixed motive theory of discrimination under Title VII does not need to provide direct evidence of discrimination (Smith S. 2003). In other words circumstantial evidence was admissible.This case has impacted the employment environment because now even if a woman is not performing up to the mark at work, employers are advised to refrain from sexually discriminating against her.Reference:Smith S. (2003) The Death of Summary Judgment. Retrieved on October 25, 2006 From: http://hennepin.timberlakepublishing.com/article.asp?article=764paper=1cat=147

Business Ethics Assignment 8_08 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Ethics 8_08 - Assignment Example It can reduce all the possible negative outcomes. Management of any organization can take right decision at right time by using this theory. Traditional utilitarianism has a couple of flavors. These are act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism. Act utilitarianism states that right or wrong act depend on the situation or consequence. If outcome is good then it can be said that right strategy was applied for getting such positive outcome. Again in case of negative outcome, the opposite judgment can be observed. Rule utilitarianism is very simple by nature and it states that morality can be maintained by anyone by obeying moral rules. Now moral rules are basically those guidelines which provide maximum happiness to the maximum number of people (Taleff, 2009). The below mentioned considerations can be taken to determine what moral things have to do in any particular occasion. Utilitarianism is attractive to many persons as well as many organizations for different reasons. These reasons are as follows. From the organizational point of view this can be analyzed that different people have different interests and sometimes conflict arises from such different interests. It hampers the organizational activities. Utilitarianism helps to trade off between interests of different parties and reduce egoism in a particular group. It always focuses on the actual interest. Self interest is maintained by using this theory after fulfilling the group interest. This theory is attractive because people can judge the right and wrong decision by using utilitarianism. Second reason for the attractiveness of utilitarianism theory is reflection of morality. This theory is simple, powerful and rigorous system of morality. It establishes relationship between relatively correlated basic principles. This morality helps people to understand the wrong and right decision. This theory constructs a consistent and powerful philosophy and this philosophy can be applied in any situation

Mercury Contamination in Fish Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mercury Contamination in Fish - Research Paper Example The paper is based on two studies carried out in Bangladesh and the U.S. In the first study, Rees et al. (2007) aimed at elucidating how toenail mercury is related to dietary fish consumption in New Hampshire. In the second study (Bangladesh study), Shamshad, Shahidur, and Tasrena, (2009) focused on determining the level of trace elements (including mercury) in fish feed and shrimp sampled from aquaculture ponds. Mercury is an established heavy metal, environmental pollutant with deleterious health effects in human beings (Eisler, 2006). Mercury toxins lead to neurological impairment in humans (National Research Council, 1978). Mercury in contaminated fish food consumed by pregnant women may affect the unborn baby’s brain and nervous system. Children who were affected by mercury while in the womb have poor cognitive thinking and memory and reduced concentration (Health Effects, 2012). Studies have proved that adults, children and developing fetuses are in danger of mercury intoxication (National Research Council, 1978). Schmitt, Stricker and Brumbaugh (2011, p. 1) argue that methyl mercury concentrations in some U.S species of fish (Micropterus dolomieu and Hypentelium nigricans) â€Å"are significantly high to represent a threat to human health and wildlife†. The U.S has a high risk of suffering from mercury intoxication consumed from fish compared to Bangladesh, in spite of Ba ngladesh having more fish than the U.S. Studies on mercury intoxication are essential because they enable stake holders to devise preventative measures. Thus, this paper examines the effect of mercury toxins in fish in Bangladesh and the U.S. The graph below is an example showing comparing levels of mercury in blood lead and the risk for autism in children. The graph indicates a significant correlation between the two variables. Figure 1: Graph indicating the distribution of Hg levels in ‘charge children’, comparing four groups: regressive autism, autism of early onset, general population controls and developmentally delayed children. Source: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.highlight/abstract/1773/report/F Materials and Methods The Bangladesh study assessed the level of trace elements content in fish feed and shrimp sampled from aquaculture ponds in Bangladesh by the use of Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (FAAS), Cold Vapor Absorpti on Spectrometer (CV-AAS), and Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (HG-AAS). The study was based on the theoretical assumption that since tannery and poultry waste are used as fish feed in Bangladesh, there is an accumulation of toxic contaminants in cultured fish posing food safety risk. Toxic metals including mercury are used in the manufacture of tanneries, dye production, textile dying and paper and pulp mills. Two samples of Shrimp and twelve samples of the feed were collected from different aquaculture sites in Bangladesh. The sample was washed by de-ionized water and then air-dried. They were then analyzed using FAAS, CV-AAS and HG-AAS (Shamshad, Shahidur, & Tasrena, 2009). The American study was conducted as follows: method one; participants observed a 3 day diary of water and seafood consumption which facilitated the calculation of the average consumption of finfish and shell fish on a weekly basis. Method two; the average weekly consumption of fish (shell fish , tuna and dark fish) was estimated using semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Method three; the weekly consumpti

The speed-up in the growth rate of the U.S. economy since 1995 Essay

The speed-up in the growth rate of the U.S. economy since 1995 - Essay Example This is opposed to a hard landing, which involves the slowing down of the economy without also causing a recession. Soft landings give economies the chance to improve themselves. It allows for moderate growth, but for low inflation. Hand-in-hand with the soft landing, the growth rate of the United States sped up due to business inventories rising relatively compared to sales. As well as the former, the costs of exporting goods and supplies to other countries have dropped considerably. In 1995, the Federal Reserve was not as active as it had been in previous years. At the beginning of 1995, it did raise interest rates, which pushed up the federal funds by half of a percentage, moving the rates to six percent. The interest rates dropped remarkably. The cut of the federal rates allowed them to decline, though they also leveled-off, rose a bit, but then declined once again. â€Å"Growth is no longer concentrated in consumption.† (Taylor) Investment in equipment grew, assisted by the expensing provisions of legislation, while orders and shipments data are signaling further gains. Interest rates have been the lowest since the 1960s, sparking a record pace of new home sales and allowing automakers to boost sales by offering generous financing and discounts. The productivity growth for 1995 was well ahead of the average it held between 1973 and 1995. A strong platform for expansion was set up by flexible labor, low inflation, goods and capitol markets, and the growth in productivity. The goal in this, to keep the growth rate increasing, involves adopting the right economic policies (Taylor). There are certain methods to be taken in to account when it comes to controlling something as growth rates of an economy, any economy. The amount of tax cuts and the decrease of unemployment has aided the growth rate of the United States economy. Prior to 1995, rates were unstable -

Critical thinking Essay Example for Free

Critical thinking Essay In academic writing, an argument is usually a main idea, often called a â€Å"claim† or â€Å"thesis statement,† backed up with evidence that supports the idea. In most college papers, one needs to make some sort of claim and use evidence to support it. One’s ability to do this will separate a good paper from other papers. We use argument in everyday life to convince somebody of my ideas or opinion, convince our teachers we deserve a better grade. A better argument is accomplished if no emotion is involved. One component of argument is logic. Claims are statements about what is true or good or about what should be done or believed. Claims are potentially arguable. For example, recent tax cuts should be abandoned another is the civil war is caused by slavery. In making an argument one must use reason to support the claim. Reason is a statement that supports a given claim or in other words â€Å"why do you say that claim?† support is the evidence that we use; one example of evidence is statistics. When making an argument we must remember to use warrants which is influences or assumptions that connect the support to the claim. A very important part when making an argument is to come across to the audience as a credible speaker or arguer that has sufficient evidence, that the evidence is based on research or scholarly articles. It is important to also remember that every argument has a counterargument. Which the argument more interesting and also strong its not one that everyone agrees with.

The Story of the Crusades Essay -- Essays Papers

The Story of the Crusades The Story of the Crusades is a book that was written in 1963 by Alfred Duggan. The book’s title tells you what the book is about, the Crusades. The book follows the Western Christian’s perspective on the 200 year event, from 1095 to 1291. It starts out setting up the plot (which most good books do), then sets up the plot, and keeps on setting up the plot. The book is very slow at the beginning, then slowly starts to move but not fast enough. If I were rating this book on how exciting it was, I would not forget to count the number of times I almost fell asleep trying to read it. But the Crusades have always interested me, so I couldn’t give up on the book, The book covers all of the crusades, but it also covers all of the down time between the crusades, which is not interesting to read. I am sure it is very important to know about, but a book should be fun also, considering its written as a story, and not as the Bible. There were interesting parts though. Especially During the 3rd crusade, I never learned about the Muslim assassins who played a big part. Also I found it interesting to read more information about King Richard who was kidnapped by The Duke of Austria. Another interesting part of the book was the attitude the author took on the First Crusade. He named the Chapter â€Å"The Great Lords Ride Out†. Mr. Duggan portrays the first crusade a lot different than I have been taught in the past. The way I’ve been taught about the C...

Death of a Salesman :: Literary Analysis, Arthur Miller

What encompasses the American Dream? Arthur Miller’s â€Å"Death of a Salesman† offers a realistic, stark picture of lives overflowing with dreams wished and dreams broken; yet, there are no dreams realized here. Their dreams comprise glory and fearlessness over those which genuinely can be achieved. Although Willy, Linda, Biff and Happy, as individuals, still believe in the American Dream, it’s clear that it represents something different for each. Willy Loman has an innate ability for dreaming way beyond his capabilities. Throughout the play, Willy’s dreams represent more fantasy than truth, a behavior which his boys clearly imitate. Yet, despite the talk, there is an ongoing criticism for the world and the way things work. He brags about his sales for a trip, â€Å"I’m tellin’ you, I was selling thousands and thousands, but I had to come home† (1224). It’s difficult to tell if the stories Willy tells are what he believes to be true or what he imagines is correct; as a result, he continually tells lies to cover his shortcomings and mistakes. On the contrary, with all the â€Å"thousands and thousands† of dollars he is making, he complains about necessary repairs to mechanical objects around the house: â€Å"Once in my life I would like to own something outright before it’s broken! I’m always in a race with the junkyard† (1244)! Willy’s primary escape from reality involves his brother Ben, who typifies the American Dream; however, Willy’s escape with Ben is purely a figment of his imagination. â€Å"Opportunity is tremendous in Alaska, William. Surprised you’re not up there† (1230). His imaginings about Ben, while they appear to be an illusion throughout the story, are thoroughly realistic in Willy’s mind. He truly believes that Ben has reached the pinnacle of the American Dream. Willy refuses to recognize that he does have true abilities, as in the field of construction. He appears at times to have hope for the future, â€Å"on the way home tonight, I’d like to buy some seeds† (1243). Nonetheless, there is a pinning undercurrent of fear for Willy, as Linda discovers, â€Å"†¦sure enough, on the bottom of the water heater there’s a new little nipple on the gas pipe† (1237). Although the illusions that Willy puts forth are real to him, they are, nevertheless, simply that: Illusions. Deep down he knows things are not as they should be, with his family, his job and his life.